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MEDICAL WORD

The longest medical word PNEUMONOULTRAMICROSCOPICSILICOVOLCANOCONIOSIS.
What is "pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis"?

Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis is a lung disease due to the inhalation of fine silica dust.

Treatment

The disease has no cure & patients do not have a chance of recovery. However, their symptoms may be alleviated by avoiding exposure to other particles that damage the lungs, undergoing lung transplantation & physiotherapy for the chest. They may also take cough suppressants or antibiotics & anti-tubercular agents to prevent the development of tuberculosis.

Symptoms & signs

Symptoms of the disease are the same with those of the common cold excluding those affecting the nose & head. These symptoms may be rapid breathing, severe coughing, or a hoarse throat. Patients may also loss their appetite, experience chest pain & may be more susceptible to tuberculosis.

Causes

When inhaled, silica dust embeds in the alveolar sacs & ducts of the lungs causing white blood cells to release series of cytokines. This stimulates fibroblasts & resulting in fibrosis. Silicon-based radicals such as hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide & oxygen radicals may also be created by the silicon dust. These compounds damage other cells of the lungs. The most common form of the disease is the chronic type, which develops after a person's exposure to low levels of silica dust within a period of 20 years or more.

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